Engine-governor



(No Model.)

Patented Mar. is, |90|. .1. DAVIDSON & T. B. HAMPSONL ENGINE-GOVERNOR.

(Application filed him 6, 1899.] I

2 Shee'ts-Sheet l.

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No. 670,131. Patented Mar. 19, 1902'. J. DAVIDSON & T. n. HAMPSON.ENGINE GOVERNOR.

(Application filed June 6, 1899.

(No Modfl.) 2 Sheets- 8mm 2.

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ATENT JOHN DAVIDSON, OF EGOLES, AND THOMAS REGINALD HAMPSON, OF CHESTER,ENGLAND.

ENGINE-GOVERNOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 670,131, dated March19, 1901.

Application filed June 6, 1899.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN DAVIDSON, a resident of Eccles," and THOMASREGINALD HAMPSON, a resident of Chester, England, subjects of the Queenof England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inEngine-Governors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to governors for steam and otherfluid-pressure engines, and more particularly to the type of centrifugalgovernors in which centrifugal weights control the position of aneccentric connected with the valve or valve-gear by which the throw ofthe eccentric is altered.

According to this invention in connection with a disk or wheel on theengine or other shaft which carries the governor there is an eccentricpivoted or mounted on one side of the disk, while on the shaft there isloosely mounted a balanced inertia mass,and to a part of this mass theeccentric is connected, at the opposite side of the shaft to which it isconnected to the disk or wheel, by a suitable joint. On a separate partof the disk there is a centrifugal weighted arm,which is hinged upon apin or similar joint, and this arm is connected to the inertia mass. Theposition of the governor due to the speed at which it is revolved iscontrolled by a spring which is preferably attached to the centrifugalweight in such a manner as to act in a line directly through the centerof the shaft, where by the weight pivot or joint is relieved ofunnecessary pressure.

A governor having the characteristics herein described is powerful, andthe pressure on the joints and parts due to centrifugal force isobviated, and thereby its action is rendered sensitive, and it possessesa high degree of effectiveness, while at the same time a powerfnl driveto the gear can be obtained and not at the expense of great friction.The

gear for speeding the governor consists of a circular toothed rack whichis moved axially in and out of a frame by a screw-gear, a wheel mountedon a threaded spindle or worm carried on the governor-wheel and meshingwith the circular rack and serving as a nut to the threaded spindle, anda lever and other con- $eria1No.'719,590, (N0 model.)

nections connecting this spindle with the spring, also carried on thewheel.

Drawings illustrating thisinvention are annexed to this specification,in which Figure 1 is a side elevation showing one arrangement ofgovernor under the invention, while Figs. 2 and 3 show a modification inside elevation and cross-section. Figs. 4 and 5 are a longitudinalsection and an outside View, partly in section, showing the speedermechanism or gear under the invention.

Referring in the first instance to Fig. l, a is the carrier disk orwheel, and b is the shaft (which generally will be the crank-shaft) ofthe engine on and in connection with which the several parts of thegovernor are mounted and work. The loosely-mounted inertiaweight shownconsists of two bob-weights c, at equal distances from the center of theshaft, on the end of arms 0, carried by a boss 0 which fits freely overand is carried by the end of the shaft 1) and about which it is free tomove.

cl is the centrifugal weight, and cl is the supporting or carrying pinfor the weight mounted on the disk a. p

e is the eccentric-sheave from which the cut-off valve of the enginewould be driven, one part of which is pivoted on and carried by the pinf, mounted on the disk a, and another partviz., at a point on theopposite side of the shaft-4s connected with the inertia-weight arm a bya pin g. To thisinertia-weight also the centrifugal weightd isconnected, the connection being by the link h, one end of which in thecase shown is connected to the inertia-weightby the same joint-' pin g,while the other is connected to the center of the centrifugal weight dby a pin d 2' is the spring by which the position of parts abovespecified is controlled and normally held, the connection of the springwith the weights being by means of the rod 2', one end of which iscoupled up with the weight 61 by the central pin 61 while to the otherend, which is in the form of a link 2' for spanning the shaft 5, thespring is. directly attached. The outer end of the spring e' is held byan arm j on the pinj, carried in the disk a and adapted to oscillateaxially in it. This arm j is controlled from the Speeder-gearhereinafter described. It will be seen that the spring is so disposed inrelation to the centrifugal weight d as to act in a line directlythrough the center of the shaft 1). By this disposition in action thepressure on the joint 61 is relieved and the friction due to thecentrifugal force is largely diminished or obviated and its actionrendered sensitive.

In action under normal conditions when the engine is running at the rateof speed required the governor parts-namely, the inertia mass or weight0 and centrifugal Weight cl and eccentric-sheave e-would take therelative positions shown, the direction of revolution of the disk atbeing that indicated by the arrow in Fig. 1. When a change ofspeed takesplacesay an increase the weight 0 owing to the inertia of the mass willnot directly receive the increase of speed and will not therefore moveso fast as a,that is, it will tend to lag behind, while the centrifugalweight d will move outward about its supporting-pin d by the increase ofcentrifugal force. By these combined movements of the two weights 0 and(Z the eccentric-sheave e, which drives the valve, is shifted-that is,its center is shifted in relation to the crank of the engineand thespeed reduced in the well-known way. If the speed of the engine, on theother hand, falls below the normal and that required, the mass 0 tendsto overrun the disk (4 by the inertia of momentum, and as the forces dueto the centrifugal action of the weight (Z become reduced the pull ofthe spring 2' becomes greater than the opposing force of the weight, andthis excess of force coupled with that due to the inertia mass 0 movesthe eccentric-sheave e in the opposite direction and so alters the throwof the valve it works in the opposite direction and the speed of theengine is increased in the wellknown Way. In these actions alimit ofmovement of the balanced inertia-weight c in either direction isobtained by the stops a on the disk a.

The modification of the governor shown in Figs. 2 and 3 consists inusing an eccentricpin e--z'. e., eccentric to the center of the shaftb-outside the end of the shaft b for working the valve of the engine inlieu of an eccentric-sheave and making this eccentricpin in one with thecentrifugal weight. This weight is coupled up with the inertia-weight cand adapted to be held in by a spring, as in the case above described.In other respects it is the same as the above governor.

The gear for adjusting the governor so as to cause the engine to run atthe speed required is shown in Figs. 4 and 5. In this gear is thecircular toothed rack. Itis mounted in the hollow sleeve Z on the fixedstand Z and moves in and out of such sleeve by a screw-spindle m,operated by the hand-wheel on. his the toothed nut-wheehwhiclr mesheswith the circular teeth of the rack lo and has a threaded hole or borethrough it, and 0 is the threaded shaft or worm which passes throughthis hole and gears with the thread thereof. The shaft 0 is carried in afitting on the boss of the disk at, having brackets 19. The shaft 0 isconnected by a connecting-rod q with an arm 0", mounted on thespindlej', carrying the holding-arm of the spring i. In operation byturning the screw-wheel m in either direction the rack 70 is moved in orout, (being suitably prevented from rotating,) and this rotates thenut-wheel n, which, having a thread internally where it fits over theshaft 0 and being prevented from turning by its connection with q, movesit longitudinally in one or other direction, and so through theconnecting-rod q and arms 1" andj it diminishes or increases the tensionof the spring 11. As regards the movement of these parts due to therotation of the engine-shaft, as the axis of the circular rack 70 iscoincident with that of the engine-shaft the wheel a revolves bodilyabout this rack while in constant gear with it and without acting uponit.

\Vhat is claimed in respect of the hereindescribed invention is 1. Incombination in an engine-governor, the combination with theengine-shaft, a car rier fixed thereon and a balance inertia mass, of aweight having an arm pivoted to said carrier, a second arm extendingfrom the right at right angles to the first pivoted to said mass, an armextending from the weight intermediately of the first and a secondhavinga loop encircling the engine'shaft, a spring connected theretoarranged in alinement with the third arm and an eccentric forcontrolling the valve-gears pivoted to the carrier, and to saidsecondarm an inertia mass at the point of connection of second arm andmass.

2. An engine-governor of the kind herein referred to, comprising abalanced looselymounted inertia-weight carried on the engineshaft, acarrier; a centrifugal weight pivoted to the carrier and having aconnection to said inertia-Weight; an eccentric connected with andcontrolled by said'weights a spring for controlling said weights; astationary rack with circular teeth coincident with the axis of theengine-shaft, and adapted to be moved longitudinally; and a wheelcarried by the shaft, having teeth meshing with the circular teeth ofthe rack, and motion-conveying connections between said wheel and saidspring for regulating same; substantially as set forth.

3. An engine-governor of the kind herein referred to comprising abalanced looselymounted inertia-weight carried on the engineshaft, acarrier; acentrifugal weight pivoted to the carrier and having aconnection to said inertia-weight; an eccentric connected with andcontrolled by said weights; a spring for controlling said weights; astationary rack 70 with circular teeth, coincident with the axis of theengine-shaft, and adapted to be moved longitudinally; and a wheel ncarried by the In witness whereof We have hereunto set our shaft, havingtee! h meshing with the circular hands in presence of two Witnesses.

teeth of the rack 7c and acting as a nut; and a JOHN DAVIDSON.

threaded shafto on which said nut-wheelacts, THOS. REGINALD HAMPSON. 5and revolving therewith, and connected with Witnesses:

the spring of the governor; substantially as WILLIAM CASH,

set forth. J NO. E. WALKER.

